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牙龈生物型泛指牙周围组织及牙体组织的形态特征,是种植、牙周等美学治疗术后成功率的预测参考因素之一. 个体间的牙龈生物型是存在差异的,并且不同的牙龈生物型对外界刺激的反应不同.目前临床上多根据龈缘下2 mm处的牙龈厚度将牙龈生物型分为厚型和薄型,其检测手段主要有直接测量法、牙周探诊法、CBCT扫描法等. 由于牙龈生物型受地域、种族、遗传、牙根位置的影响较大,目前为止,关于牙龈生物型的分型、特征等仍存在争议,尚未达成共识. 本文就牙龈生物型的定义、临床分型和特征、测量方法、临床应用等作一综述.“,”Gingival biotype is used to describe the features of the marginal periodontium and tooth form, and it is one predicting indicator for dental implant and periodontal treatment. It was presumed that the gingival biotype in individuals may be different. Different types of gingival biotype respond to chronic stimulations differently. Current-ly, gingival biotype is clinically classified as thin or thick according to the thickness at a point 2 mm apicaly to gingival margin examined by means of transgingival probing, probe transparency, CBCT and so on. So far, the classification and characteristics of ginvival biotype are still controversial. This paper reviews the definition, classification, character-istics, measurement methods and clinical application of various gingival biotypes.