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目的观察出生后早期持续暴露于音乐环境对大鼠成年后罹患高血压和发生不良心血管事件的倾向。方法初生SD雄性乳鼠20只,出生24h内即暴露于音乐环境(莫扎特《G小调第40号交响曲》),另设初生SD雄性乳鼠20只作为对照组,同条件饲养,不听音乐。大鼠5~8周时,采用无创性套尾法每日监测血压,8周末处死,扫描电镜观察主动脉内皮形态,ELISA法检测大鼠血清血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂-1(PAI-1)、血浆脑钠肽(BNP)。结果听音乐组与对照组大鼠成年后的体重、心率无统计学差异,收缩压和平均动脉压有下降趋势,但无统计学意义。音乐组大鼠主动脉内皮形态更佳,无明显纤维等附着;对照组大鼠主动脉内皮虽基本正常,但细胞间连接部分丢失,内膜附着物较多。音乐组大鼠血清CRP、PAI-1显著降低(P<0.05),AngⅡ、BNP有降低趋势,但两组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论出生后早期持续暴露于音乐环境对大鼠心血管系统发育的影响极为重大,成年后大鼠血压下降虽不显著,但其发生不良心血管事件的倾向已大幅度减低。
Objective To observe the tendency of adult rats exposed to prolonged exposure to music after birth to suffer from hypertension and adverse cardiovascular events. Methods Twenty newborn SD male neonatal rats were exposed to music environment within 24 hours of birth (Mozart “Symphony No. 40 in G Minor”). Another 20 newborn SD male neonatal rats were used as the control group and were kept under the same conditions without music . At 5 to 8 weeks, the blood pressure was monitored daily by noninvasive tailrace and sacrificed at the end of the 8th week. The morphology of the aorta was observed by scanning electron microscopy. The levels of serum angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang Ⅱ), C-reactive protein (CRP) ), Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and plasma brain natriuretic peptide (BNP). Results There was no significant difference in body weight and heart rate between the music group and the control group. Systolic blood pressure and mean arterial pressure were decreased, but not statistically significant. The rats in music group had better endothelial morphology and no obvious fibrosis. The aortic endothelium of rats in control group was basically normal, but the connection between cells was lost and there were more intima. The levels of CRP and PAI-1 in the music group were significantly lower (P <0.05), and the levels of AngⅡ and BNP were lower in the music group than in the music group (P> 0.05). Conclusion The effects of continuous exposure to music environment on the development of cardiovascular system in rats during the early postnatal period are extremely serious. Although there is no significant decrease in blood pressure in rats after adulthood, their propensity to develop adverse cardiovascular events has been greatly reduced.