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目的了解商洛市传染病流行病学特征,为制定传染病防控对策与措施提供科学依据。方法用Excel2003对疫情数据进行统计分析,率的比较采用卡方检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果 2009-2012年共报告乙丙类传染病26种,年均发病率为333.59/10万,年均死亡率为0.43/10万,传染病发病率呈逐年上升趋势;发病位于前5位的传染病及其构成依次为病毒性肝炎23.39%,手足口病22.35%,肺结核病17.55%,感染性腹泻16.16%,流行性腮腺炎9.56%;男女性年均发病率分别为394.47/10万、267.20/10万,男性显著高于女性(P<0.01);10岁以下儿童发病占总发病数的46.56%;农民和散居儿童发病构成分别为38.95%、35.96%;各县区年均发病率分别为商州405.81/10万,洛南189.95/10万,丹凤506.09/10万,商南276.23/10万,山阳313.49/10万,镇安353.55/10万,柞水288.26/10万;各月均有发病,5-7月份发病较多。结论商洛市传染病发病呈逐年上升趋势,发病具有显著的人群、地区、时间分布特征,应加强重点传染病防控工作。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of infectious diseases in Shangluo and to provide a scientific basis for formulating prevention and control measures and measures for infectious diseases. Methods Statistical analysis of the epidemic data using Excel2003, the rate of comparison using the chi-square test, P <0.05 for the difference was statistically significant. Results A total of 26 B-type infectious diseases were reported from 2009 to 2012, with an average annual incidence rate of 333.59 / lakh and an annual average mortality rate of 0.43 / lakh. The incidence rate of infectious diseases showed an upward trend year by year. Infectious diseases and their constitution were followed by 23.39% of viral hepatitis, 22.35% of hand-foot-mouth disease, 17.55% of tuberculosis, 16.16% of infectious diarrhea and 9.56% of mumps. The average annual incidence rates of male and female were 394.47 / 267.20 / 100000, males were significantly higher than females (P <0.01); the incidence of children under 10 accounted for 46.56% of the total number of cases; the incidence of peasants and diaspora were 38.95% and 35.96% respectively; Respectively 405.81 / 100,000 for Shangzhou, 189.95 / 100,000 for Luonan, 506.09 / 100,000 for Danfeng, 276.23 / 100,000 for Shangnan, 313.49 / 100,000 for Sanyang, 353.55 / 100,000 for Zhen’an and 288.26 / 100,000 for Zhashui ; The incidence of each month, more incidence in May-July. Conclusion The incidence of infectious diseases in Shangluo City has been increasing year by year. The incidence of infectious diseases in Shangluo City has significant distribution characteristics of population, region and time. Prevention and control of key infectious diseases should be strengthened.