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细胞的增殖与分化是细胞的重要功能，它们受许多因素控制，一旦其失去调控，正常细胞会无限分裂，已分化细胞会发生去分化，于是开始癌变。肿瘤就被认为是一种分化异常的疾病。另一方面，早在７０年代就发现肿瘤细胞在条件合适时可以发生再分化，并变成正常或接近正常的细胞。
The proliferation and differentiation of cells is an important function of cells, and they are controlled by many factors. Once they are out of control, normal cells will divide indefinitely and differentiated cells will undergo dedifferentiation and canceration will begin. Tumor is considered to be a disease with abnormal differentiation. On the other hand, as early as the 1970s, it was found that tumor cells can re-differentiate when conditions are right and become normal or near-normal cells.