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视网膜是人体最特殊化及新陈代谢最活跃的组织之一。视网膜及脉络膜血管,不仅供给视网膜比身体别处为多的组织血流,而且还维持高的毛细管灌注压,以抗衡相对的眼内压。视网膜微血管的内皮细胞,在相邻面融合成一连续而有选择性的屏障,血-视网膜屏障。外层视网膜,由稠密扁平的脉络膜毛细管网供应丰富的血流,不仅满足光感受细胞新陈代谢的需要,还可能邦助散发色素上皮曝光后产生的热。脉络膜毛细血管的内皮细胞,无视网膜毛细管特殊屏障的特性,其细胞质带不连续,因而脉络膜毛细血管壁是高度可渗透。外层视网膜则受色素上皮的保护,二者间联结紧密,对从脉络膜
The retina is one of the most specialized and most metabolically active tissues in the body. The retina and choroidal blood vessels, not only supply more blood to the retina than elsewhere in the body, but also maintain high capillary perfusion pressure to counter the relative intraocular pressure. Endothelial cells of the retinal capillaries fuse on adjacent surfaces into a continuous and selective barrier, the blood-retinal barrier. The outer retina, rich in blood flow from the dense, flattened choroidal capillary network, not only meets the photoreceptor cell’s metabolic needs, but may also help to distribute the heat generated by the pigmented epithelium. Endothelial cells of the choroidal capillaries, which have no special barrier properties of the retinal capillaries, have a discontinuous cytoplasmic band and are therefore highly permeable to the choriocapillaris wall. The outer retina is protected by the pigment epithelium, the connection between the two closely, from the choroid