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目的研究二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)对雄性小鼠精子质量及其血清性激素的影响,探讨DMF对雄性生殖系统影响的作用机制。方法将SPF级健康成年雄性昆明小鼠40只随机分为对照组(蒸馏水)和低(0.5g/kg)、中(1g/kg)、高(2g/kg)剂量DMF染毒组,每组10只。采用灌胃方式进行染毒,灌胃容积10ml/kg,每天1次,连续灌胃30d。染毒后,称重,迅速分离双侧附睾,测定精子活动度、精子计数和精子畸形数,并计算精子畸形率。摘除眼球取血,采用放射免疫分析方法测定血清睾酮(T)、黄体生成素(LH)、卵泡刺激素(FSH)和睾丸T水平。结果与对照组相比,从染毒第9天开始各剂量DMF染毒组小鼠体重明显降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。与对照组相比,中、高剂量DMF染毒组小鼠附睾精子计数较少,精子活动度较低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01),且随着DMF染毒剂量的增高,精子计数及精子活动度均呈下降趋势,呈现一定的剂量-效应关系。与对照组相比,中、高剂量DMF染毒组小鼠血清FSH含量较高,高剂量DMF染毒组小鼠血清T和睾丸T含量较低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。各染毒组小鼠的精子畸形率、血清LH含量间比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论DMF可能是通过睾丸轴调节性激素的分泌,最终导致精子质量的降低,从而造成雄性小鼠生殖功能的损害。
Objective To investigate the effects of dimethylformamide (DMF) on sperm quality and serum sex hormones in male mice and to explore the mechanism of DMF on the male reproductive system. Methods Forty SPF healthy male Kunming mice were randomly divided into control (distilled water) and low (0.5g / kg), medium (1g / kg) and high (2g / 10 only Gavage by way of exposure, gavage volume 10ml / kg, 1 day, continuous gavage 30d. After the exposure, weighed and quickly separated bilateral epididymis, determination of sperm motility, sperm count and sperm deformity number, and calculate the sperm deformity rate. Eyedrops were removed and serum testosterone (T), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and testicular T levels were measured by radioimmunoassay. Results Compared with the control group, the body weight of mice in each dose of DMF was significantly decreased from the 9th day of exposure, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05 or P <0.01). Compared with the control group, the mice in the medium and high doses of DMF had less sperm count and sperm motility, the differences were statistically significant (P <0.05 or P <0.01), and with DMF exposure Dose increase, sperm count and sperm motility showed a downward trend, showing a dose-effect relationship. Compared with the control group, the serum levels of FSH were higher in the middle and high doses of DMF and the levels of T and T in the high doses of DMF were lower (P <0.05 or P <0.05) P <0.01). There was no significant difference in sperm deformity rate and serum LH content between the two groups (P> 0.05). Conclusion DMF may regulate the secretion of sex hormones through the testicular axis, eventually leading to the reduction of sperm quality, resulting in impaired reproductive function in male mice.