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针对贺兰山东麓酿酒葡萄风沙土产区中微量营养元素相对缺乏,空间变异较大等限制产业高效发展的关键问题,以4年生“蛇龙珠”葡萄为试材,通过设置滴灌施肥试验,研究了中微量营养元素钙(Ca)、镁(Mg)、铁(Fe)、锰(Mn)、铜(Cu)、锌(Zn)、硼(B)元素对酿酒葡萄生长及品质的影响。结果表明:增施中量元素Mg能有效提高葡萄叶片和叶柄中的全磷含量进而提高葡萄单粒重及产量,同时能提高果实单宁及总酚含量;增施微量元素Fe有利于促进叶片的生长发育,提高叶片净光合速率并促进干物量积累,增加可溶性糖含量;增施B元素则能有效提高叶片和叶柄的全钾及果实中花色苷含量。综合分析,增施Fe、Ca元素能促进葡萄的生长,增施B、Mg元素能提高酿酒葡萄果实品质,增施Ca、Mg元素能更好的提高酿酒葡萄产量。
Aiming at the key problem that restricts the efficient development of industry in the region of wine grape sand aeration area in the east of Helan Mountain, the 4 years old “Guilongzhu ” grape was used as test material, The effects of trace elements Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn and B on the growth and quality of wine grape were studied . The results showed that adding middle amount of Mg could effectively increase the content of total phosphorus in grape leaves and petioles, and then increase the single grain weight and yield of grape and increase the content of tannin and total phenolics. The addition of trace element Fe was beneficial to the promotion of leaf , Increased net photosynthetic rate of leaves and promoted the accumulation of dry matter and increased the content of soluble sugar. Adding B could effectively increase the content of anthocyanin in total potassium and fruit of leaves and petioles. Comprehensive analysis showed that the addition of Fe and Ca could promote the growth of grapes. Adding B and Mg could improve the fruit quality of wine grape. Adding Ca and Mg could improve the yield of wine grape.