论文部分内容阅读
对朱熹与中国自然科学的发展,国内外已有不少评论。褒者常常引用美国R.A.尤里达教授的话:“现今的科学大厦不是西方的独有成果和财富,也不仅仅是亚理士多德、欧几里德、哥白尼和牛顿的财产——其中也有老子、邹衍、沈括和朱熹的功劳。”(《中国古代的物理学和自然观》,见《美国物理学杂志》43卷第2期)李约瑟也说:“从科学史的观点来看,或许可以说,他(指朱熹)的成就要比托马斯·阿奎那大得多。”(《中国科学技术史》中译本第2卷506页)贬者则认为当程朱理学被奉为官学以后,统治中国七百余年,在此期间,我国科学技术就由宋元高峰渐趋跌落。十六世纪以后西方近代科学革命骤起,距离越来越大,造成了一百多年来的落后局面,以至今日之艰难,对此,理学难辞其咎。这是一个颇为令人困惑的问题,需要作进一步探索。
For Zhu Xi and the development of China’s natural sciences, there have been many comments both at home and abroad. Compliments are often quoted by Professor RA Yurya of the United States: “Today’s science buildings are not the only Western achievements and wealth, nor are they just the property of Aristotle, Euclid, Copernicus and Newton - among them There are also merit in Laozi, Zou Yan, Shen Kuo, and Zhu Xi. ”(“ Ancient Chinese Physics and Nature ”, Journal of the American Physical Society, Vol. 43, No. 2) Needham also said:“ From a scientific history point of view , Perhaps to say that he (Zhu Xi) achieved much greater achievements than Thomas Aquinas. ”(“ Chinese Science and Technology History, ”Volume 2, page 506) derogators believe that the process of Zhu Xi is regarded as After the official school, ruled China for more than 700 years. During this period, the science and technology of our country fell gradually from the peak of Song and Yuan Dynasties. After the 16th century, the rise and rise of modern Western scientific revolutions were getting larger and larger, resulting in a backward situation of more than 100 years and even now being a difficult one. This is a rather puzzling question that needs to be explored further.