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公司债券的溢价和折价,无论对发行方还是购买方,都要按一定方法在各期进行摊销,以正确地计算各期的利息费用或利息收入。溢价和折价的摊销有直线法和实际利率法,其中实际利率法更为科学,但它的计算方法较为复杂,一般是由“应付债券”或“债券投资”的期末帐面价值循环递推而得。其实,我们可以利用下面的公式直接求得各期的摊销额(称为查表计算法):
The premiums and discounts on corporate bonds, whether for the issuer or the purchaser, must be amortized according to certain methods in each period in order to correctly calculate the interest expense or interest income for each period. The amortization of premiums and discounts includes the straight-line method and the actual interest rate method. The actual interest rate method is more scientific, but its calculation method is more complicated, and generally it is the ending book of “payable bonds” or “bond investment”. The value cycle is recursive. In fact, we can use the following formula to directly obtain the amortization amount for each period (referred to as table look-up method):