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余华八十年代的先锋小说中存在“互文性”现象,尤其以《十八岁出门远行》与《四月三日事件》,《一九八六年》与《往事与刑罚》,《难逃劫数》与《世事如烟》较为典型。这三组作品分别体现了余华对存在、历史、宿命等命题的沉潜思考,对照起来阅读既是对各自意义空间的再拓展,也更能理解余华的先锋性,不仅仅在于形式,更在于他对这些思想命题的独到表现。在此基础上重新审视余华九十年代以后的创作转型,就显出了对思想探索路径的偏离。如果回到表现社会重大现实生活需要付出如此代价,无疑值得整个当代文学界反思。
In Yu Xian’s avant-garde novels in the 1980s, there exists the phenomenon of “intertextuality”. In particular, “eighteen years of traveling” and “April 3 events”, “1986” and “past events and penalties” , “Unable to flee the number” and “worldly smoke” is more typical. These three groups of works respectively reflect the subtle thoughts of Yu Hua on the propositions of existence, history, fate, and so on. By contrast, reading is not only a further extension of their respective meaning spaces, but also a better understanding of Yu Hua’s avant-garde, not only in form but also in his The unique expression of these propositions. On this basis, reexamining the transformation of Yu Hua after the 1990s, it shows the deviation from the path of the exploration of thought. If we need to pay such a price back to representing the great realities of our society, it is undoubtedly worth reflecting throughout the contemporary literary world.