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第一,要正确理解板块的概念。首先要明确岩石圈的概念。在“地球内部圈层”一节中,地壳、地幔和地核三个圈层是容易理解的,但是要特别强调指出的是:地幔层中还可以分出一个亚层一上地幔上部(或称软流层),这是说明岩石圈概念的关键问题,往往被忽视,所以应运用图解说明,难点则容易突破。注意到这一点,“地壳和上地幔顶部(软流层以上),是由岩石组成的,合称岩石圈”。这一概念才会被理解得透彻,记忆得牢固。岩石圈的概念建立起来以后,再导入板块的概念,则这一难题也就迎刃而解了。
First, we must correctly understand the concept of the plate. First of all, we must clarify the concept of the lithosphere. In the circle of “internal circle of the earth”, the three layers of crust, mantle, and core are easy to understand, but it should be emphasized that the mantle layer can also be divided into a sublayer and an upper mantle. (or the so-called asthenosphere), which is the key issue that explains the concept of the lithosphere, and is often overlooked. Therefore, a graphical explanation should be used, and difficult points can easily be overcome. Observe this, “The crust and the upper mantle (above the asthenosphere) consist of rocks, collectively called the lithosphere.” This concept will be understood thoroughly and securely. After the concept of the lithosphere was established, the concept of plate was introduced, and the problem would be solved.