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目的调查接触温石棉女工的恶性肿瘤死亡率。方法以1960年1月1日至1980年12月31日曾经从事家庭内温石棉手工纺织作业一年以上的女工为调查对象,采用历史性队列流行病学方法进行研究。结果在5681名接触温石棉纺织女工中,有144名死于癌症,其中有74名女工死于肺癌,病死率最高;其次为肝癌,死亡数为27例;占第三位的是胃癌,死亡数为18例。以当地女性年龄组别恶性肿瘤死亡率均值为对照组计算标准化死亡比(SMR),所有除肺癌外的恶性肿瘤与肺癌的SMR分别为1.16(P<0.05)和4.17(P<0.01)。结论接触温石棉的女性纺织工人有明显的肺癌死亡高发倾向。
Objective To investigate the mortality rate of malignant tumors in women exposed to chrysotile. METHODS: A case-control study was conducted using a historical cohort of epidemiological methods from January 1, 1960 to December 31, 1980 in which women workers who had been engaged in home-based chrysotile hand-woven operations for more than one year were investigated. Results Of the 5681 women workers exposed to chrysotile, 144 died of cancer, of which 74 women died of lung cancer with the highest case fatality rate; the second was liver cancer with 27 deaths; the third was gastric cancer with death The number of 18 cases. The mean death rate (SMR) was calculated as the mean of malignant tumor mortality in local women age group. The SMR of all malignant and lung cancer patients except lung cancer was 1.16 (P <0.05) and 4.17 (P <0.01), respectively. Conclusions Female textile workers exposed to chrysotile have a clear tendency of high mortality from lung cancer.