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以中国工业企业数据库中制造业企业为研究对象,文章考察了我国企业通过出口或对外直接投资两种模式进入全球商品市场的选择效应。从行业技术程度的视角出发,同时结合我国企业国际化的现实情况,重点探讨生产率对我国制造业企业采用出口和对外直接投资模式进行国际化的影响作用以及机理。实证研究表明:样本中企业在出口模式下的选择效应表现得相对较弱,在传统行业中甚至表现出一定程度的“生产率悖论”;在对外直接投资模式下生产率的选择效应在统计学意义上显著,而且在高新技术行业中这种选择效应表现得更为明显;传统行业企业采用对外直接投资模式取决于企业的利润率水平以及前期在出口市场准备等因素。
Taking manufacturing enterprises in Chinese industrial database as the research object, this paper examines the selective effect of Chinese enterprises entering global commodity markets through export or FDI. From the perspective of technological level of the industry, combined with the reality of the internationalization of Chinese enterprises, the author mainly discusses the effect and mechanism of the productivity on the internationalization of Chinese manufacturing enterprises’ export and OFDI mode. Empirical studies show that: the sample enterprises in the export mode of choice effect relatively weak performance in the traditional industries even show a certain degree of “productivity paradox”; in the mode of foreign direct investment, the choice of productivity in statistics In the high-tech industry, this kind of selective effect is more obvious. The traditional direct investment mode of enterprises in the industry depends on the profit rate of the enterprise and the preparation of the export market in the early stage.