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国际贸易为贸易品消费者所在国提供了环境污染转移至其他国家的机会。我国作为世界第二大贸易国和CO2高排放国,已成为国际贸易与污染排放责任关系问题的一个重要研究对象。本文首先介绍了当前测算直接碳排放的基本原则,以及目前常用的测算隐含碳排放的理论方法——投入产出模型。利用1997年、2002年、2007年的非竞争型投入产出表及相关年份的能源数据、国际贸易数据,系统测算了我国对外贸易总量及贸易结构的隐含碳排放情况,对对外贸易结构及变化趋势的合理性进行了分析。总结了1997年至2007年我国贸易结构的变化情况,以及贸易隐含碳排放的变化趋势。最后,依据贸易隐含碳排放现状,提出了调整我国对外贸易结构的相关建议。
International trade offers traders the opportunity for consumers to relocate their pollution to other countries. As the world’s second largest trading nation and a high CO2 emission country, our country has become an important research object of the responsibility relationship between international trade and pollution discharge. This paper first introduces the basic principles of direct measurement of direct carbon emissions, as well as the current commonly used method of calculating carbon emissions hidden theory - input-output model. Using the non-competitive input-output tables of 1997, 2002 and 2007 and the energy data and international trade data of the relevant years, we have systematically estimated the implicit carbon emissions of China’s total foreign trade and trade structure, and analyzed the external trade structure And the rationality of the trend of change were analyzed. Summed up the changes of China’s trade structure from 1997 to 2007 and the trend of trade’s implicit carbon emissions. Finally, based on the status quo of trade implicit carbon emissions, put forward some suggestions to adjust the structure of China’s foreign trade.