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碳素和石墨材料由于是热和电的良好导体、耐热性能好,尤其是高温强度大等特征,被广泛用做高温用结构材料和机械用材料,另一方面,也存在因多孔性而机械强度不够,在氧化性气体介质中容易被氧化等缺点,使利用范围受到很大的限制。 碳素和石墨材料的各种特性,如在表示电阻和机械强度等与假密度之间关系的Hutcheon等氏的经验方式(1)和半理论性推导得来的Mrozowski的公式(2)里所看到的那样,以某种形式与其假密度(或真密度)相关联,为此,过去许多人长年累月依靠尽可能提高密度的方法来努力开发性能优越的碳素和石墨材料。
Carbon and graphite materials are good conductors for heat and electricity, and have good heat resistance, especially high-temperature strength. They are widely used as structural materials and mechanical materials for high-temperature applications. On the other hand, Mechanical strength is not enough, easy to be oxidized in the oxidizing gas medium and other shortcomings, the use of the range is greatly limited. Various properties of carbon and graphite materials, such as Hutcheon’s empirical mode (1) that represents the relationship between electrical resistance and mechanical strength, etc., and pseudomorphs, and Mrozowski’s equation (2), which is derived semi- As can be seen, somehow correlated with their bulk density (or true density), many people in the past spent years trying to develop superior carbon and graphite materials by increasing their density as much as possible.