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共深度点迭加的速度会因为大炮检距和倾斜反射面而不同于均方根速度。本文说明这两者的影响是可以分别处理的,并着手研究了倾角的影响。如果为了时间深度转换而假设迭加速度等于均方根速度,那末被引进的误差比得上作偏移和未作偏移的深度之间的差别。因此,如果忽视倾角对迭加速度的影响,那就没有必要将最终的深度资料作偏移。对于有平行倾角的多层模型,推导了一个由迭加速度以及地震剖面上反射波的时间读数和斜率计算层速度和深度的公式。并说明了不必考虑倾角的交叉。如果倾角不是平行的,这问题就变得难处理了。但它的逆问题解决了,即可根据一已知的深度和层速度模型来获得迭加速度以及反射波的时间读数和斜率。最后这个逆解与一个近似的正解有联系。这里提供了一个由迭加速度、时间读数和时间斜率来求得深度和层速度的迭代法。这里假设对于所有的反射面其倾向是相同的,但不一定在这个剖面的平面内,且反射层的曲率是可以忽略的。还研究了波至延迟的影响。说明了当由时间转换为深度时,可以不必作波至校正。
The total depth of the superposition of points due to the speed of the offset and tilt reflective surface is different from the root mean square speed. This article shows that the effects of the two can be dealt with separately and begin to study the effects of dip. If the rate of superposition is equal to the root mean square velocity for time-to-depth conversion, then the error introduced is comparable to the difference between the offset and the undivided depth. Therefore, ignoring the effect of dip on the rate of superposition increases the need to offset the final depth data. For a multi-layer model with parallel dip angles, a formula to calculate layer velocities and depths is derived from the superposition velocity and the time readings and slopes of the reflected waves on the seismic section. And illustrates the need to consider the inclination of the intersection. If the dip is not parallel, the problem becomes unmanageable. But its inverse problem is solved, and the stacking speed and the time readings and slopes of the reflected waves can be obtained from a known depth and layer velocity model. Finally, this inverse solution is related to an approximate positive solution. Here’s an iterative method to find the depth and layer velocity from the superposition velocity, time reading, and time slope. It is assumed here that the inclination is the same for all reflecting surfaces, but not necessarily in the plane of this section, and the curvature of the reflecting layer is negligible. The effect of wave-to-delay was also studied. It shows that when converting from time to depth, wave-to-calibration can be eliminated.