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目前,提高内燃机车柴油机节省燃油的性能和生态指标是一项急需完成的工作。为了完成此项工作,必须将机械供电系统转换成电子控制系统。采用控制燃油喷射的电子系统可以根据内燃机车发动机的工况柔性调整提前角和燃油的喷射压力,从而依靠工作过程质量的明显提高来提高燃油的节约效果和生态指标。现今,在内燃机车柴油机上采用2种型式的由电子控制的燃油系统。本文将介绍这2种电子控制的燃油喷射系统的结构、作用原理和构造特点。本文还列出了国内外生产的装备有燃油电子喷射系统的内燃机车柴油机的主要技术特性,并从其结构特点和内燃机车柴油机运用的角度出发,分析燃油系统的优缺点。在此基础上,文章还介绍了目前最适用于内燃机车柴油机使用的电子控制燃油喷射系统。
At present, improving diesel engine performance and ecological indicators of diesel locomotive is an urgent need to complete the work. In order to accomplish this task, the mechanical power supply system must be converted into an electronic control system. The electronic system with control of fuel injection can flexibly adjust the injection angle of propulsion and fuel according to the working conditions of the diesel engine so as to improve the fuel saving effect and ecological index by obviously improving the quality of the working process. Today, two types of electronically controlled fuel systems are used on diesel locomotives. This article describes the structure, operation principle and structural features of these two electronically controlled fuel injection systems. The paper also lists the main technical characteristics of diesel engine equipped with fuel electronic injection system both at home and abroad, and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the fuel system based on its structural features and diesel engine application. On this basis, the article also introduces the electronically controlled fuel injection system which is most suitable for the diesel locomotive diesel engine.