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妇女在怀孕以后,从受精卵在子宫内膜着床开始,它就从母体组织中吸取营养。妊娠4个月胎盘完全形成,胎儿通过胎盘进行血液循环,从母体血液中获得各种营养素和氧气,并排出废物和二氧化碳。妊娠时由于胎儿的生长发育,母体必须增加各种营养素的摄入量,以满足其本身和胎儿的需要。在妊娠过程中母体和胎儿有如下明显的变化:①母体体重增加11公斤,基中包括胎儿3.2公斤,胎盘0.5公斤,羊水0.25公斤,而母体本身增加7公斤;②水含量共6.6
After a woman’s pregnancy, the fertilized egg begins to nourish the mother’s tissue, starting with implantation of the uterus. The placenta is fully formed 4 months after pregnancy, the fetus circulates through the placenta, derives various nutrients and oxygen from the maternal blood, and excretes waste and carbon dioxide. As the fetus during pregnancy, growth and development, the mother must increase the intake of various nutrients to meet their own needs and the fetus. During pregnancy, maternal and fetus have the following obvious changes: ① maternal weight gain of 11 kg, including 3.2 kg fetus, 0.5 kg of placenta, amniotic fluid 0.25 kg, while the mother itself increased by 7 kg; ② a total of 6.6