【摘 要】
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Vortices are a type of common dislocation contained in singular wave structures that have a zero point wave function.They have been extensively researched in ma
【机 构】
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School of Physics and Microelectronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082“,”Department of Physics an
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Vortices are a type of common dislocation contained in singular wave structures that have a zero point wave function.They have been extensively researched in many branches of physics.Compared to the vortices investigated in cosmology,[1,2]hydrodynamics[3] and nonlinear optics,[4] vortices in quantum mechanics appear to be not in ordinary but in peculiar probability fluid.[5,6] Such quantum vortices have recently been explored in superfluids,[7,8]superconductivity[9] and especially in Bose-Einstein condensation.[10-17] Different kinds of initially vortex states can be prepared by different experimental approaches,such as using Raman transition phaseimprinting methods,[10] rotating the system with a "laser spoon"[11,13,18,19] or applying topological phase engineering,[20] respectively.The GinzburgLandau or Gross-Pitaevskii equations have normally been used to study the associated phenomenons in these fields.
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