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随着我国人口老龄化加剧，根面龋的发生率逐年升高。与冠部龋坏不同，根面龋多发生于老年患者牙龈退缩后暴露的根面上，主要累及根部牙骨质和牙本质，在发病特点、临床表征、诊断和防治上都有其特异性。本文从根面龋的病因和危险因素、病理和临床表现、分类、三级预防等方面进行阐述，以期为根面龋的临床防治提供参考。“,”With the acceleration of population aging in China, the incidence of root surface caries is increasing year by year. Different from coronal caries, lesions of root surface caries mostly occur on the exposed root surfaces after gingival recession in elderly patients, mainly involving cementum and dentin. Root surface caries shows specificity in the pathogenic characteristics, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. This review mainly summarizes the etiology and prevalence, pathology and clinical manifestations, classification, as well as three-level-prevention of root caries, in order to provide relevant guidance for the clinical prevention and treatment of root caries.