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目的对3例192Ir事故受照者进行每年1次的医学随访观察,为核事故医学应急救治提供资料和经验。方法对3例192Ir事故受照者进行全面的临床观察、辐射遗传学指标和内分泌指标等检查。结果 3例受照者中1例受照区皮肤有角化、脱屑、毛细血管扩张及色素沉着;1例受照者受照区皮肤色素脱失;3例受照者均有淋巴细胞亚型比例失调,2例受照者存在不同程度的下肢酸软无力。结论过量受照人员常有乏力表现,淋巴细胞亚群比例轻度失调;急性放射性皮肤损伤的转归与受照剂量、初期损伤程度、损伤部位密切相关。事故照射后,受照者的心理常发生一系列变化,需要长期关注。对于电离辐射的致癌效应、遗传效应的评价有待于更长时间的随访。
Objective To investigate the medical follow-up of 3 cases of 192Ir accident victims and provide information and experience for emergency medical treatment of nuclear accident. Methods A total of 3 cases of 192Ir accident victims were subjected to comprehensive clinical observation, radiation genetics and endocrine indexes. Results The skin of one of the three irradiated subjects had keratosis, desquamation, telangiectasia and hyperpigmentation in one of the three irradiated subjects. One patient with skin photoreceptors in the affected area was exfoliated. All three irradiated patients had lymphocytes Type imbalance, 2 cases of the presence of varying degrees of limb weakness. CONCLUSIONS: Excessive exposure often presents with weakness and slight lymphocyte subpopulation. The outcome of acute radiation-induced skin injury is closely related to dose, initial injury and injury. After the accidental exposure, the psychology of the recipient often undergo a series of changes that require long-term concern. For the carcinogenic effects of ionizing radiation, the evaluation of genetic effects needs to be followed up for a longer period of time.