论文部分内容阅读
表观遗传学研究无DNA序列改变时可遗传的基因表达改变,DNA甲基化和RNA干扰(特别是小RNA)是其中研究最广泛的基因表达调控机制。异常DNA甲基化或RNA干扰会导致肿瘤发生,它们是肿瘤基因诊断和治疗的靶点。通常,DNA甲基化在转录水平调节基因表达,而小RNA在转录后水平调控之,但两者间却存在紧密联系。在此对DNA甲基化和小RNA基本理论作概述,并就它们在肿瘤中的关联研究进行综述,包括小RNA的DNA甲基化调控,间接及直接作用于DNA甲基化的小RNA等部分。
Epigenetics Studies Genetic alterations in gene expression without DNA sequence changes, DNA methylation and RNA interference (especially small RNAs) are the most widely studied mechanisms of gene expression regulation. Aberrant DNA methylation or RNA interference can lead to tumorigenesis, which is the target of tumor gene diagnosis and treatment. Generally, DNA methylation regulates gene expression at the transcriptional level, whereas small RNAs are regulated at the post-transcriptional level, but there is a close relationship between the two. Here we review DNA methylation and basic theories of small RNAs and review their relevance in oncology including DNA methylation regulation of small RNAs, small RNAs that act indirectly and directly on DNA methylation section.