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一建国前,我国生产力地区布局极不合理,77%的工业偏集于国土面积不到12%的东部沿海地区,其中重工业主要集中在东北,轻工业主要集中在上海、天津、广州等少数城市。广大内地特别是边疆少数民族地区几乎没有什么近代工业,面积占国土45%的西北和内蒙地区,工业产值仅占全国3%;面积占国土23%的云、贵、川三省与西藏地区,工业产值仅占全国的6%。这种分布状况,一方面使工业生产与原料、燃料产地和消费区严重脱节,造成原料、燃料和成品的远距离运输;另一方面又使广大内地的丰富资源得不到充分的开发利用,经济发展长期停滞在落后状态,也不利于战略后方基地的建立和巩固。
Before the founding of New China, the layout of China’s productive forces was very unreasonable. 77% of the industries were concentrated in the eastern coastal areas with less than 12% of land area. Among them, heavy industry was mainly concentrated in the northeast. Light industry was mainly concentrated in a few cities such as Shanghai, Tianjin and Guangzhou. The vast majority of the Mainland, especially the border minority nationalities, have almost no modern industry and occupy only 45% of the territory in the northwestern and Inner Mongolia regions. The industrial output value accounts for only 3% of the country’s total. The Yunnan, Guizhou and Sichuan provinces, covering an area of 23% of the country’s territory, Output value accounts for only 6% of the country. This distribution, on the one hand, severely disengages industrial production from raw materials, fuel production and consumption areas, resulting in the long-distance transportation of raw materials, fuels and finished products; on the other hand, the vast resources of the vast hinterland are not fully exploited and utilized, Long-term economic stagnation in the backward state, is not conducive to the establishment and consolidation of strategic base.