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[材料]美国一位工程师和一位逻辑学家是好朋友,一起赴埃及参观金字塔。一天,工程师一个人上街,见一位老妇人卖一只玩具猫,标价500美元。老妇人解释说,这猫是祖传的宝物,如今孙子病重,卖了作医疗费。工程师一眼便看出这猫眼是珍珠的,而身子像铁铸的,便出300美元买下这一对猫眼,老妇人同意了。工程师回来便告诉逻辑学家,他花300美元买下两颗大珍珠。逻辑学家问,那老妇人是否仍在原处,于是,便找到老妇人花200美元买下没眼珠的涂黑漆的“铁猫”。逻辑学家用刀剥去黑漆,露出一个黄澄澄耀眼的金猫。[分析]那位工程师一眼便看出猫眼是珍珠的,并花300美元买下来,逻辑学家凭着形式逻辑中的演绎推理,断
[Material] An American engineer and a logician are good friends and went to Egypt to visit the pyramid. One day, an engineer went to the street and saw an old woman selling a toy cat. The price was $500. The old woman explained that the cat was an ancestral treasure. Today, the grandson is seriously ill and sold for medical expenses. At a glance, the engineer saw that the cat’s eye was a pearl, and that the body was like a cast iron. He bought a pair of cat eyes for $300 and the old woman agreed. When the engineer returned, he told the logician that he had spent $300 to buy two large pearls. The logician asked if the old woman was still in the same place, so she found the old woman to spend $ 200 to buy the black-painted “iron cat” without eyes. The logician peeled off the black paint with a knife, exposing a bright yellow gold cat. [Analysis] The engineer saw at a glance that the cat’s eye was a pearl and bought it for $300. The logician reasoned in the formal logic.