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怎样指导学生阅读课文,设计导读提纲,质疑解难?我的做法是:先由老师示范,以课文为例子。分文体设计好几种导读提纲给学生参阅。然后提出写提纲的要求:应从认读、理解、鉴赏三方面考虑。认读包括注音,解词,古文翻译,划段,确定段意和全文中心:理解指理解词语在具体语境中的含意,词义褒贬和感情色彩,懂得词语不同排列顺序以及长句、短句的表达作用,了解叙述、说明,议论的常用表达方式和各种修辞手法的使用;鉴赏指对文章的思想内容、立场观点、遣词造句、布局谋篇,写作特点的评价。
How to instruct students to read texts, design guide reading outlines, and ask questions? My approach is: First to be demonstrated by the teacher, taking the text as an example. There are several reading guides designed for students to refer to. Then put forward the requirement of writing an outline: It should be considered from reading, understanding and appreciation. Recognition includes phonetic transcription, solution of words, translation of ancient texts, paragraphs, definite paragraph meanings and full-text centers: Understanding refers to understanding the meanings of words in specific contexts, derogatory meanings and feelings of emotions, and understanding the different ordering of words and long sentences and short sentences. The role of expression, to understand the narrative, explanation, the common expression of arguments and the use of various rhetorical devices; Appreciation refers to the article’s ideological content, standpoints, essays, sentences, layout, writing characteristics evaluation.