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本文为考察加州水利系统各方面的三篇文章中的第一篇,介绍加州的气候和水文、目前在水利和洪水控制方面的进展、加州的水权以及机构;还介绍一个加州特有的问题:即建设“州水利工程”,把水从大约600英里以外的北部地区引到西南部干旱地区。第二篇文章将介绍规划水利工程时用的工程和经济方法,以及采取的途径,并介绍搜集数据的方法;讨论进行规划所需要的关于水利资源、环境和经济方面的情报能否获得的问题。最后,第三篇文章将介绍目前水利工程运营中的一些问题,通过水利资源的保护和开拓来扩大服务面积的可能性,地下水管理的作用,如何给水制定价格,水权的转移在扩大现有工程的利用率和生产力方面的作用等。
This article reviews the first of three articles in various aspects of the California water system that covers climate and hydrology in California, current developments in water and flood control, California’s water rights and institutions, and introduces a California-specific issue: Namely, the construction of “state water projects,” diverting water from a northern area about 600 miles to arid areas in the southwest. The second article will introduce the engineering and economic methods used to plan water conservancy projects as well as the approaches taken and the methods of data collection. It will also discuss issues relating to the availability of information on water resources, the environment and the economy for planning purposes . Finally, the third article will introduce some of the current problems in the operation of water conservancy projects, the possibility of expanding the service area through the protection and expansion of water conservancy resources, the role of groundwater management, how to set prices for water supply and the transfer of water rights to expand existing Project utilization and productivity aspects of the role.