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【目的】了解沿海城市母乳喂养状况、母乳乳汁的铅汞负荷状况,分析母乳喂养与婴儿铅汞暴露水平的相关关系。【方法】将按不同片区分为8组,随机收集婴儿末梢血,尿液和头发和部分母乳。所有样本采用原子吸收仪进行铅、汞含量的测定。同时问卷调查。【结果】采用问卷调查发现母乳喂养率最高的是偏僻乡村、其次为繁荣乡镇,共收集338例0~11个月婴儿的末梢血纸片、尿样、发样和完整问卷表以及部分母乳,婴儿血铅、尿汞和发汞几何平均值分别为51.39μg/L、0.73μg/kg和533.47μg/kg;母亲乳汁中的乳汞和乳铅几何平均值分别为0.61μg/kg和12.06μg/L。发现在不同喂养方式下,铅暴露水平却随着母乳喂养程度的增加而增加。而汞暴露水平以混合喂养时最高。【结论】母乳喂养方式对于婴儿铅汞暴露水平均有影响,因此母亲必须在哺乳前乃至孕前做好降低铅汞暴露水平的准备。
【Objective】 To understand the situation of breast-feeding in coastal cities, the status of lead-mercury in breast milk and the correlation between breast-feeding and the level of lead-mercury in infants. 【Method】 According to the different slices, divide into 8 groups and collect peripheral blood, urine, hair and some breast milk randomly. All samples using atomic absorption spectrometry for the determination of lead and mercury. At the same time questionnaire. 【Results】 The questionnaire survey found that the highest rate of breast-feeding was remote villages, followed by thriving townships. A total of 338 peripheral blood samples, urine samples, hair samples and complete questionnaires from 338 children aged 0-11 months were collected, The geometric mean values of blood lead, urinary mercury and mercury in infants were 51.39μg / L, 0.73μg / kg and 533.47μg / kg, respectively. The geometric mean values of milk mercury and milk lead in maternal milk were 0.61μg / kg and 12.06μg / L. It was found that the level of lead exposure increased with the degree of breastfeeding under different feeding regimes. The level of mercury exposure is highest when mixed. 【Conclusion】 Breastfeeding methods have an impact on the level of lead and mercury exposure in infants. Therefore, mothers must be prepared to reduce exposure to lead and mercury before breastfeeding or even before pregnancy.