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【目的】研究0~3岁不同年龄组、不同民族儿童之间超声骨密度的异常情况,为临床儿童低骨密度的预防提供依据。【方法】在本院儿保门诊,随机抽取己排除影响骨代谢性疾病的0~3岁儿童4 700名,用超声骨密度仪测胫骨中段骨密度,根据同年龄、同性别骨密度Z值的评分数分成正常、轻度骨强度不足、中度骨强度不足、重度骨强度不足。【结果】骨强度不足检出率女婴(39.1%)高于男婴(29.6%);不同年龄组骨强度不足检出率分别是:<3个月组46.2%,3~6个月组49.8%,6~9个月组32.6%,9~12个月组16.7%,12~18个月组8.7%,18~24个月组9.2%,24~36个月组7.2%;各民族间检出率差异无统计学意义。【结论】1岁以内骨强度不足检出率较高,其中以3~6个月龄为高发年龄,提示出生前一年,尤其是前6个月是儿童防治骨密度降低的关键期。
【Objective】 To investigate the abnormalities of ultrasound bone mineral density in children aged 0 ~ 3 years with different nationalities and ethnic groups, and to provide basis for the prevention of low BMD in children. 【Methods】 In our pediatric clinic, 4 700 children aged 0-3 years who had been excluded for bone metabolic diseases were excluded. The bone mineral density in the middle part of the tibia was measured by ultrasound bone density. According to the same age, The scores were divided into normal, mild bone strength, lack of moderate bone strength, severe bone strength. 【Results】 The detection rate of under-strength bone was higher in girls (39.1%) than that in boys (29.6%). The detection rates of bone strength in different age groups were 46.2% in <3 months and 3-6 months 49.8%, 32.6% in 6 ~ 9 months, 16.7% in 9 ~ 12 months, 8.7% in 12 ~ 18 months, 9.2% in 18 ~ 24 months and 7.2% in 24 ~ 36 months. No significant difference between the detection rate. 【Conclusion】 The detection rate of bone strength insufficiency within 1 year old is high, of which 3 to 6 months of age is the high incidence, suggesting that the one year before birth, especially the first 6 months, is the critical period for children to reduce bone mineral density.