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目的了解新装修房屋室内空气污染状况,研究污染物与人体病态建筑综合征的关系。方法对重庆市永川地区72户新装修房屋室内空气进行甲醛、苯系物(苯、甲苯、二甲苯)的测定,并对房屋装修后空置时间及入住后出现的不适症状(头晕、易疲劳、易激惹、流泪、咳嗽及哮喘症状)进行问卷调查。结果被调查房屋甲醛超标较严重,总超标率为59.3%;苯系物浓度均超标率较低。Logistic回归分析显示,黏膜刺激症发生率与甲醛浓度呈正相关(P<0.01),与苯系物浓度无相关性;神经系统不良反应发生率与甲醛及苯浓度均呈正相关(甲醛:P=0.000;苯:P=0.018)。结论甲醛是新装修房屋室内空气中引起病态建筑综合征的主要污染因子。
Objective To understand the indoor air pollution situation of newly renovated houses and to study the relationship between pollutants and sick building syndrome. Methods The determination of formaldehyde, benzene series (benzene, toluene, xylene) in 72 newly renovated houses in Yongchuan district of Chongqing Municipality was carried out. The vacancy time after house decoration and the symptoms of discomfort (dizziness, fatigue, Irritability, tearing, cough and asthma symptoms) were surveyed. Results Formaldehyde in the surveyed houses exceeded the standard seriously, with a total exceeding standard rate of 59.3%. The benzene standard concentrations were all lower than the standard rate. Logistic regression analysis showed that the incidence of mucosal irritation was positively correlated with the concentration of formaldehyde (P <0.01), but not with the concentration of benzene. The incidence of adverse reactions of the nervous system was positively correlated with the concentrations of formaldehyde and benzene (Formaldehyde: P = 0.000 ; Benzene: P = 0.018). Conclusion Formaldehyde is the main pollutant in the indoor air of newly renovated houses that causes sick building syndrome.