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莱姆病(Lyme disease,LD)是由伯氏疏螺旋体感染蜱媒传播的人兽共患病。Osp A(Outer surface protein A)是伯氏疏螺旋体主要的外膜蛋白之一。作为主要的免疫原性蛋白,该蛋白有着独特的β-折叠和α-螺旋二级蛋白结构,并且在不同宿主体内有着戏剧性的时空表达规律。Osp A具有良好的免疫原性和免疫保护性,因此成为良好的基因疫苗候选者。但Osp A株间变异较大,探求流行地区菌株Osp A的变异,对疫苗及诊断试剂的研制具有重要意义。本文就该蛋白的结构特点、时空表达特点、异质性、诊断及疫苗的应用等方面归纳总结了近年来的研究成果。
Lyme disease (LD) is a zoonotic disease transmitted by tick-borne Borrelia burgdorferi. Osp A (Outer surface protein A) is one of the major outer membrane proteins of Borrelia burgdorferi. As a major immunogenic protein, the protein has a unique structure of β-sheet and α-helix secondary protein, and has a dramatic spatial and temporal expression pattern in different hosts. Osp A is a good candidate for gene vaccines because of its good immunogenicity and immunoprotective properties. However, the large variation between Osp A strains and the search for the variation of Osp A in the endemic area are of great significance for the development of vaccines and diagnostic reagents. In this paper, the structural features of the protein, the characteristics of space-time expression, heterogeneity, diagnosis and application of vaccines summarized the recent research results.