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目的分析河南省平顶山市人间布鲁杆菌病流行特征、疫情变化趋势,为采取科学有效的防治措施提供依据。方法应用描述流行病学方法对2010~2013年平顶山市人间布鲁氏菌病疫情资料进行分析。结果 2010~2013年平顶山市累计报告布病1 601例,无死亡病例,年报告发病率分别为1.35/10万、5.42/10万、9.94/10万、15.80/10万;各年各月均有发病,有明显的春夏季高峰,该季节发病数占56.28%(901/1 601);男女比约为2.13:1(1 089/512);60~85岁年龄组所占比例相对较高,占29.67%(475/1 601);患者职业分布主要以农牧民为主,占90.13%(1 443/1 601);地区分布中,鲁山县所占比例最高,占38.22%(612/1 601),其次为汝州市,占33.23%(532/1 601)。结论平顶山市人间布病发病率呈上升趋势,发病以春夏季为主,发病人群主要以老年为主;鲁山县是平顶山市布病防治工作的重点;传染源没有彻底消灭,外来牲畜未得到有效检疫,从业人员自我防护意识淡薄等是疫情上升的主要原因。应采取加大经费投入、加强监测、加强宣传力度等的综合措施,预防控制布病。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and epidemic trend of human brucellosis in Pingdingshan City, Henan Province, and provide the basis for scientific and effective prevention and treatment measures. Methods Epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemic situation of human brucellosis in Pingdingshan City from 2010 to 2013. Results A total of 1 601 cases of brucellosis were reported in Pingdingshan City from 2010 to 2013, with no deaths. The annual reported rates were 1.35 / 100000, 5.42 / 100000, 9.94 / 100000, 15.80 / 100000 respectively; There was a clear peak in spring and summer, accounting for 56.28% (901/1601) of the season; the ratio of male to female was about 2.13: 1 (1 089/512); the proportion of 60-85 age group was relatively high , Accounting for 29.67% (475/1 601). Occupational distribution of patients was mainly dominated by peasants and herdsmen, accounting for 90.13% (1 443/1 601). Lushan County accounted for the highest proportion, accounting for 38.22% (612 / 1 601), followed by Ruzhou City, accounting for 33.23% (532/1601). Conclusion The prevalence rate of human brucellosis in Pingdingshan City is on an upward trend. The incidence is mainly in spring and summer, and the prevalence is mainly in the elderly. Lushan County is the focus of brucellosis prevention and control in Pingdingshan City. The source of infection is not completely eliminated, but the foreign livestock have not been Effective quarantine, practitioners awareness of self-protection is the main reason for rising epidemics. We should take comprehensive measures such as increasing investment, strengthening monitoring and strengthening publicity to prevent and control brucellosis.