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漕运的历史甚为悠久,秦汉时就已开始实行。何谓“漕”?胡三省注《史记》“漕挽”云:“水运曰:漕,陆运曰:挽”。唐代已有专门管理机构——转运使,宋代设发运使。元明清之际,由沿海省份征收米石,沿水路运河直达北京通州,故称“漕粮”。因其重要,故自元代设都漕司二使。明代起设漕运总督官职,专司职掌漕运。清朝入主
The history of water transport is very long, Qin and Han Dynasty has already begun to implement. What is the “Cao”? Hu three provinces Note “Historical Records” “Cao pull” cloud: “Water transport said: Caojing, said: the ground transport”. Tang Dynasty has specialized management agencies - transit, Song set to make shipping. Yuan Ming and Qing Dynasties, collected by the coastal provinces meters stone, along the waterway canal directly to Beijing Tongzhou, so called Because of its importance, so since the Yuan Dynasty set up the second division of the Secretary. The Ming Dynasty set up the governor of the Water Transport Governor, Secretary of the Department of expertise in transport. The Qing Dynasty into the Lord