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随年龄的增长免疫功能亦行降低。动物实验表明,老龄小鼠免疫功能的降低,可由于免疫细胞本身的改变或免疫环境的改变或二者兼而有之。一般说,与年龄有关的正常的免疫功能减退,主要(90％)是衰老细胞的内因性改变所致,细胞环境改变所致者只占10％。目前认为有三种类型的细胞改变,可引起正常免疫功能降低:一、自身免疫细胞可引起免疫活性细胞死亡,使其绝对数目减少;二、由于抑制细胞数目增多,使免疫活性细胞数目相对减少;三、由于体细胞突变,使功能效率降低。但老年免疫活性的降低,虽然可仅由一种机制引起,但个体表现各有不同,有助于说明随年龄增长免疫性质的变异性亦随之增加。
With age, immune function is also reduced. Animal experiments show that the decline of immune function in aging mice may be due to changes in the immune cells themselves or the immune environment or both. In general, age-related loss of normal immune function, mainly due to endogenous changes in senescent cells (90%), accounts for only 10% of the cellular environment. Now that there are three types of cell changes, can cause a decrease in normal immune function: one, autoimmune cells can cause immune-competent cells to die, so that the absolute number decreased; Second, due to an increase in the number of cells to suppress the number of immunocompetent cells decreased; Third, due to somatic mutations, so that functional efficiency is reduced. However, although the reduction in the immunocompetence of the elderly may be caused by only one mechanism, the performance of each individual is different, which helps to explain that the variability of immune properties increases with age.