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作者指出,近年来急性鼻窦炎眼眶合并症的发生率及严重性有所增加,这是由于近30年来长期使用抗菌素改变了细菌的生物特性及激素的广泛使用改变了宿主的反应所致。眶尖综合征是指经过眶上裂、视神经孔的血管、神经受损后所产生的症状、体征。其感染途径主要是通过鼻窦、面部静脉或眶壁骨膜下脓肿进入眶内。急性眶内感染有以下几种形式:(1)眼眶蜂窝组织炎和脓肿;(2)血栓性静脉炎;(3)骨、骨膜炎;(4)眼球筋膜炎。临床主要表现如下:(1)运动上的改变:第Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅵ颅神经麻痹后引起眼球运动受限或固定,除了眼外肌麻痹外还有眼内肌
The authors note that the incidence and severity of orbital complications of acute sinusitis have increased in recent years due to the long-term use of antibiotics in the past 30 years to alter the biological properties of bacteria and the widespread use of hormones that alter the host’s response. Orbital apex syndrome refers to the symptoms and signs after the superior orbital fissure, the optic nerve hole blood vessels, nerve damage. The main route of infection is through the sinuses, facial veins or orbital subperiosteal abscess into the orbital. Acute orbital infection in the following forms: (1) orbital cellulitis and abscess; (2) thrombophlebitis; (3) bone, periostitis; (4) eyeball fasciitis. Main clinical manifestations are as follows: (1) changes in sports: Ⅲ, Ⅳ, Ⅵ cranial nerve paralysis caused by eye movement limited or fixed, in addition to extraocular muscle paralysis, there are eye muscles