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目前,经确认的人类自身免疫性疾病有20多种,其中绝大多数以自身抗体为致病因子;还有许多其它人类疾病与自身抗体密切相关。因此,一提起自身抗体,人们往往将它与疾病相联系。德国免疫学家 Paul Ehrlich 早在约100年前还专门创用“horror autotoxicus”(恐怖的自身毒素)一词,强调自身抗体是有害的,一旦出现将造成可怕的后果。后来,Burner在其著名的“克隆选择学说”中指出,能产生自身抗体的细胞将被机体视为“禁忌细胞”(forbidden clone)而被清除(clonaldeletion),在正常机体内不存在自身抗体。Ehrlich 和 Burnet的观点,影响了好几代免疫学家和临床医学工作者的思维。
At present, there are more than 20 confirmed human autoimmune diseases, of which the majority of autoantibodies are virulence factors; and many other human diseases are closely related to autoantibodies. Therefore, mentioning autoantibodies, it is often associated with the disease. As early as about 100 years ago, German immunologist Paul Ehrlich also used the term “horror autotoxicus” to emphasize that autoantibodies are harmful and, if they appear, will have terrible consequences. Later, Burner pointed out in his famous book, “The Theory of Clonal Selections,” that cells capable of producing autoantibodies will be clonaldeletion by the body as “forbidden clones” There are autoantibodies. The views of Ehrlich and Burnet have influenced the thinking of several generations of immunologists and clinicians.