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子宫外分娩时处理(EXIT)是胎儿外科手术的一种,指剖宫产时在维持胎儿胎盘循环状态下对胎儿进行气管插管或者气管切开,以保证胎儿离开母体时的气道通气。主要适合于在出生时影响新生儿气道通气的先天性疾病的治疗和症状改善,如先天性膈疝、胎儿颈部巨大肿块、先天性高位气道阻塞综合征等。具体实施需要有一支由各相关专科有机组合和互相协调的团队,术前评估和麻醉是EXIT技术的重点。该方法近期疗效肯定,对母体较为安全,远期疗效还需进一步评判。
Extrauterine delivery (EXIT) is a kind of fetal surgery, refers to cesarean section in the fetal placenta during fetal tracheal intubation or tracheotomy to ensure that the fetus when leaving the maternal airway ventilation. It is mainly suitable for the treatment and symptom improvement of congenital diseases that affect neonatal airway ventilation at birth, such as congenital diaphragmatic hernia, fetal neck huge lumps, congenital high airway obstruction syndrome and the like. The implementation requires a team of experts from various related organic combination and coordination of each other, preoperative assessment and anesthesia is the focus of EXIT technology. The method of the recent efficacy of positive, more safe for the mother, the long-term efficacy needs further evaluation.