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目的调查南宁市学龄前儿童打鼾及相关症状的发生情况。方法采取随机整群分层抽样方法对12个幼儿园3~6岁的3 200名学龄前儿童进行调查。应用由家长完成的问卷调查表确定打鼾和相关症状。实际发放调查问卷总数为3 200份,应答2 892份,回收率为90.4%。有效问卷2 863份。结果本组学龄前儿童打鼾现患率36.57%。睡眠频繁打鼾8.98%,间歇性打鼾91.02%。睡眠呼吸暂停2.20%。与打鼾相关症状按发生率由高到低排列为:夜间多汗66.57%,注意力不集中64.85%,夜醒及夜惊48.14%,张口呼吸45.37%,口干咽痛44.79%,食欲减退44.60%,慢性咳嗽37.15%,体重不增34.19%,生长迟缓25.60%,夜间遗尿25.60%,呼吸恶臭25.50%,白天困倦17.96%。睡眠打鼾儿童相关疾病1047例,其中反复呼吸道感染40.11%,扁桃体肥大32.86%,过敏性鼻炎12.61%,体重超重9.36%。鼻部疾病包括中耳炎和/或副鼻窦炎8.40%,支气管哮喘8.98%,肥胖3.53%。1047例睡眠打鼾学龄前儿童有家族史占56.83%。结论学龄前儿童睡眠打鼾有较高的发生率,睡眠打鼾不仅影响孩子睡眠质量同时影响生长发育和生活质量。
Objective To investigate the occurrence of snoring and related symptoms in preschool children in Nanning. Methods A random cluster stratified sampling method was used to investigate 3 200 pre-school children aged from 3 to 6 in 12 kindergartens. Questionnaires completed by parents determine snoring and related symptoms. The total number of questionnaires actually issued was 3 200, with 2 892 responses, with a recovery rate of 90.4%. 2,863 valid questionnaires. Results The prevalence of snoring in preschool children in this group was 36.57%. Snoring frequent snoring 8.98%, intermittent snoring 91.02%. Sleep apnea 2.20%. Symptoms associated with snoring were ranked as high to low according to the incidence: nighttime sweating 66.57%, inattention 64.85%, night wake up and night fright 48.14%, mouth breathing 45.37%, dry mouth and sore throat 44.79%, loss of appetite 44.60 %, Chronic cough 37.15%, weight loss 34.19%, growth retardation 25.60%, nocturnal enuresis 25.60%, respiratory odor 25.50%, daytime sleepiness 17.96%. Sleep-snoring children-related diseases 1047 cases, including repeated respiratory tract infection 40.11%, tonsil hypertrophy 32.86%, allergic rhinitis 12.61%, overweight 9.36%. Nasal diseases include otitis media and / or sinusitis 8.40%, bronchial asthma 8.98%, and obesity 3.53%. 1047 cases of snoring preschool children had a family history of 56.83%. Conclusion There is a high incidence of sleep snoring in preschool children. Sleep snoring not only affects children’s sleep quality but also affects growth and quality of life.