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以Fe39.35Ni30Co18Al10.5Nb2B0.15形状记忆合金为研究对象,运用X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜、压力试验机、金相显微镜和能谱仪研究了时效时间对合金组织结构和性能的影响。结果表明,随着时效时间的增加,γ’相和B2相相继析出,γ’相的析出强化了奥氏体母相,B2相的析出降低了合金的塑性。从伪弹性曲线可以看出,在873 K温度下时效时,随着时效时间的增加,合金的抗压强度、可恢复应变和硬度均随着时效时间的增加呈现先增大后减小的趋势,而合金的最大应变则随时效时间的增加先快速后缓慢增大。时效时间为60 h时,合金的抗压强度、可恢复应变及硬度均达到最大值,分别为1239.05 MPa、10.76%、496 HV10,合金的残余应变相对最小。
The effect of aging time on the microstructure and properties of the alloy was investigated by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, pressure testing machine, optical microscope and energy dispersive spectrometer using Fe39.35Ni30Co18Al10.5Nb2B0.15 shape memory alloy as the research object. The results show that γ ’phase and B2 phase are precipitated one after the other with increasing aging time, and precipitation of γ’ phase strengthens the austenite matrix phase. The precipitation of B2 phase decreases the ductility of the alloy. From the pseudo-elastic curve, it can be seen that the compressive strength, the recoverable strain and the hardness of the alloy increase at first and then decrease with the aging time as the aging time increases at aging at 873 K , While the maximum strain of the alloy with the aging time increases rapidly after the slow increase. When the aging time is 60 h, the compressive strength, recoverable strain and hardness of the alloy all reach the maximum, which are 1239.05 MPa, 10.76% and 496 HV10, respectively. The residual strain of the alloy is relatively minimum.