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内燃机曲轴是支承在弹性支座上的复杂的三维静不定梁。曲轴的弯曲应力可用两种计算方法算出。以往采用一很简单的方法——‘单曲拐法’,这方法计算弯曲应力最简单,它假设考虑一个单曲拐支承在主轴承的中心线上。显然,所得出的结果与实测值差别较大。另一较复杂的方法是‘连续梁法’。它考虑弹性支座的连续梁,由于它与实际状况有良好的吻合,所以在内燃机设计阶段有着重要作用,并且近年来日益广泛被采用。本文述及‘连续梁法’的原理、公式、计算源程序,并给出一台12V型柴油机在DJS—130电子计算机上的计算结果。
The internal combustion engine crankshaft is a complex three-dimensional static beam supported on an elastic support. Crankshaft bending stress can be calculated by two methods. In the past, a very simple method, the ’single turn method’, was used to calculate the bending stress. The simplest method is to assume that a single crank is to be supported on the centerline of the main bearing. Obviously, the results obtained differ greatly from the measured values. Another more complicated method is ’continuous beam method’. It considers the continuous beam of the elastic support, which has an important role in the design stage of the internal combustion engine due to its good agreement with the actual conditions and has been increasingly adopted in recent years. This paper describes the principle, formula and calculation source of continuous beam method and gives the calculation results of a 12V diesel engine on DJS-130 computer.