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一、引言 长江是我国和亚洲第一大河、世界第三大河。据大通水文站观测,长江年总径流量平均为9,950亿公方,平均流量为30,2O0公方/秒,最大洪峰流量为92,600公方/秒,最小枯水流量为6,020公方/秒。平均含沙量为0.518克/公升,年输沙量平均为4.8亿吨。 长江口的潮差一般为2—3米。大潮时,河口区的总纳潮量最大可达45亿—50亿公方。长江口北支最大潮差为4米,属强潮河口,涨潮流速大于落潮流速,涨潮水量比落潮
I. Introduction The Yangtze River is the largest river in China and Asia and the third largest river in the world. According to the observation of Datong Hydrometric Station, the total annual runoff in the Yangtze River averaged 995 billion square meters with an average flow rate of 30,200 square meters per second, a maximum flood peak flow rate of 92,600 square meters per second and a minimum dry flow rate of 6,020 square meters per second. The average sediment concentration is 0.518 g / L and annual sediment discharge is 480 million tons on average. The tidal range of the Yangtze River estuary is generally 2-3 meters. At tidal wave, the total tidal volume at estuarine areas can reach a maximum of 4.5 billion-5 billion square meters. The maximum tidal range difference of the north branch of the Yangtze Estuary is 4 meters, which belongs to the strong tidal estuary. The tidal flow velocity is higher than the ebb tide velocity,