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红外偏振成像系统探测的是某个特定偏振方向上的目标和背景辐射强度,有必要对不同目标的偏振特性及偏振辐射大气传输进行研究。首先采用双向反射分布函数对反射辐射偏振特性进行了分析,推导出了反射辐射偏振度的一般表达式。根据表达式模拟了目标的物理特征对反射偏振特性的影响。随后利用MODTRAN软件在典型大气条件下对红外波段的大气吸收以及程辐射进行了建模和计算。大气中的悬浮颗粒对目标的红外辐射进行散射,场景的偏振度随传输距离衰减。对目标反射辐射偏振特性的仿真结果与实测数据基本吻合,验证了理论的正确性。考虑大气对偏振辐射传输的影响使得计算结果更加合理和准确。
It is necessary to study the polarization characteristics of different targets and the atmospheric transmission of polarized radiation when the infrared polarization imaging system detects the target and background radiation intensity in a specific polarization direction. Firstly, the polarization characteristics of the reflected radiation are analyzed by using the bidirectional reflection distribution function, and the general expression of the degree of polarization of the reflected radiation is deduced. According to the expression, the influence of the target’s physical characteristics on the reflection polarization characteristics is simulated. Then the MODTRAN software was used to model and calculate the atmospheric absorption in the infrared band and the range radiation under the typical atmospheric conditions. The suspended particles in the atmosphere scatter the infrared radiation of the target and the degree of polarization of the scene decays with the transmission distance. The simulation results of the polarization characteristics of the target reflected radiation basically agree with the measured data, which verifies the correctness of the theory. Considering the influence of the atmosphere on the transmission of polarized radiation, the calculation results are more reasonable and accurate.