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利用1999年卫生部—联合国儿童基金会在中国西部5省40个项目县调查资料,着重分析3岁以下儿童喂养和生长发育现状以及影响儿童中重度低体重和中重度生长迟缓的因素。结果显示:3岁以下儿童母乳喂养率高,但纯母乳喂养率偏低。4个月和6个月及时添加辅食率较低,分别为18.4%和45.1%。4～6个月以内儿童年龄别体重和年龄别身高基本高于世界卫生组织相应的标准。年龄别体重男童从8个月开始到35个月,女童从11月到35个月均低于世界卫生组织的相应标准。影响儿童中重度低体重和中重度生长迟缓的主要因素有:民族、母亲年龄、家庭经济来源、孩子年龄、喂养方式、饮用水和两周腹泻患病。
Based on the survey data of 40 project counties in five provinces of western China in 1999 by the Ministry of Health and the United Nations Children’s Fund, this paper focuses on the feeding, growth and development status of children under 3 years of age and the factors that affect children’s low to moderate weight and moderate to severe growth retardation. The results show that: children under 3 years of age breast-feeding rate is high, but the rate of exclusive breast-feeding is low. Four months and six months in a timely manner to add food supplement rate is lower, respectively 18.4% and 45.1%. Within 4 to 6 months, children’s age-specific body weight and age-specific height are basically higher than the corresponding standards of the World Health Organization. The age-specific weight of boys ranged from 8 months to 35 months and from November to 35 months, girls were below the corresponding WHO standards. The main factors that affect children with moderate to severe weight loss and moderate to severe growth retardation are: ethnicity, age of mother, family economic origin, children’s age, feeding style, drinking water and two weeks of diarrhea.