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中枢神经系统脱髓鞘疾病,因其高发病率、高致残率等特点而备受关注。现有研究以适应性免疫反应导致神经系统损伤为主,而先天免疫系统在髓鞘再生中的作用直到最近才成为研究热点。以巨噬细胞为对象,从中枢神经系统中巨噬细胞的种类及来源、巨噬细胞的极化类型、小胶质细胞和单核细胞来源巨噬细胞的异同、衰老对巨噬细胞功能和髓鞘再生的影响等方面,综述了巨噬细胞在中枢神经系统尤其是髓鞘再生中的作用,以期为临床治疗提供一定理论依据。
Central nervous system demyelinating disease, due to its high incidence, high morbidity and other characteristics and concern. The existing studies mainly focus on the adaptive immune response leading to nervous system damage, whereas the innate immune system plays an important role in remyelination until recently. To macrophages as the object, from the central nervous system, macrophage types and sources, the type of macrophage polarization, microglia and monocyte-derived macrophages similarities and differences in the function of macrophages and aging The effects of myelin regeneration and so on, reviewed the role of macrophages in the central nervous system, especially myelin regeneration in order to provide some theoretical basis for clinical treatment.