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目的:比较超声提取与索氏提取法对中药材中残留农药的提取差异。方法:用加速溶剂萃取、超声提取与索氏提取分别对含有已知农药残留的人参、黄芪、白菊3种中药材进行残留农药提取,不同的提取溶剂,经两种净化方法浓硫酸磺化与弗罗里硅土柱净化,采用HP-5毛细管色谱柱分离样品,气相色谱-电子捕获检测器(GC-ECD)测定其农药残留的含量,外标法定量。结果:ASE的提取率最高,索氏提取法提取的提取率明显大于2010版《中华人民共和国药典》超声提取的提取率。结论:ASE萃取既节省时间与溶剂,提取率又高;超声提取方法简单易行,节省时间与溶剂,但是索氏提取法的提取率高,测量值更准确。
Objective: To compare the extraction of residual pesticides in Chinese herbal medicines by ultrasonic extraction and Soxhlet extraction. Methods: Three pesticides were extracted from Ginseng, Astragalus membranaceus and Radix Rehmanniae Preparata with known pesticide residues by accelerated solvent extraction, ultrasonic extraction and Soxhlet extraction. Different extraction solvents were extracted by two purification methods. Florisil column purification, using HP-5 capillary column separation samples, gas chromatography - electron capture detector (GC-ECD) Determination of pesticide residues, external standard method. Results: The extraction rate of ASE was the highest. The extraction rate of Soxhlet extraction was significantly higher than that of the ultrasound extraction of People’s Republic of China Pharmacopoeia 2010. CONCLUSION: ASE extraction saves time and solvent, and the extraction rate is high. The ultrasonic extraction method is simple and easy, saving time and solvent, but the extraction rate of Soxhlet extraction method is high and the measurement value is more accurate.