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目的探讨下消化道出血分布特点及病因。方法 436例下消化道出血患者,按年龄分为四组:按不同年分为四组:儿童组(≤14岁)16例3.67%),青壮年组(15~39岁)107例(24.54%),中年组(40~59岁)175例(40.14%),老年组(≥60岁)138例(31.65%)。全部病例经非急诊结肠镜检查和急诊结肠镜检查确诊。结果 436例下消化道出血病例中,依次为大肠癌138例(31.7%)、炎症性肠疾病113例(25.9%)、肛周疾病93例(21.3%)、大肠息肉74例(17.0%)、其他病例占4.1%。不同年龄组下消化道出血病因差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),大肠息肉在儿童组中的发病率明显高于其他年龄组(P<0.05),青年组炎症性肠疾病和肛周疾病患病率均高于其他年龄组,但青年组与中年组的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),大肠癌在老年组的发病率明显高于其他年龄组(P<0.05)。结论大肠息肉是儿童组常见病因,中青年人组以炎症性肠疾病和肛周疾病多见,大肠癌随年龄增长发病率呈增高趋势。大肠癌是老年人下消化道出血的主要原因。
Objective To investigate the distribution and causes of lower gastrointestinal bleeding. Methods A total of 436 patients with lower gastrointestinal bleeding were divided into four groups according to their age. They were divided into four groups according to different years: 16 cases (3.67%) in children group (≤14 years old) and 107 cases (24.54 years) in young adults group (15-39 years old) ), 175 cases (40.14%) in middle age group (40-59 years old) and 138 cases (31.65%) in elderly group (≥60 years old). All cases were confirmed by non-emergency colonoscopy and emergency colonoscopy. Results Among 436 cases of lower gastrointestinal bleeding, 138 (31.7%) had colorectal cancer, 113 (25.9%) had inflammatory bowel disease, 93 (21.3%) had perianal disease and 74 (17.0%) had colorectal polyps. , Other cases accounted for 4.1%. The incidence of gastrointestinal bleeding in different age groups was significantly different (P <0.05). The incidence of colorectal polyps in children was significantly higher than that in other age groups (P <0.05). The inflammatory bowel disease and perianal disease The prevalence rate of colorectal cancer in the elderly group was significantly higher than that in other age groups (P <0.05). There was no significant difference between the youth group and the middle age group (P> 0.05). Conclusion Colorectal polyps is a common cause in children. Middle-aged and young patients are more common in inflammatory bowel disease and perianal disease. The incidence of colorectal cancer with age is increasing. Colorectal cancer is the main cause of lower gastrointestinal bleeding in the elderly.