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目的调查琼海市2008~2013年农村安全饮水工程水质状况,并针对存在问题提出整改建议。方法以2008~2013年每年随机抽取一定数量农村安全饮水工程为监测点,进行枯水期、丰水期2次监测,检测常规指标19项,按《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB5749-2006)判定结果。结果 6年间共抽取202个监测点808份水样,总合格率为58.91%。不同时期即枯水期、丰水期水样合格率间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。不同年份水样合格率间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。出厂水、末梢水的水样合格率间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同类别检测指标即感官指标、一般理化指标、毒理学指标、微生物指标水样的合格率间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同类型供水工程即市政管网延伸工程、非市政管网延伸工程的水样合格率间差异有统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论琼海市农村安全饮水工程水质合格率逐年升高,不合格主要原因为微生物污染严重,提示应加强安全饮水工程的工艺处理和消毒,加强管理和日常维护,减少管道内流动污染,加强卫生监督监测管理,共同帮助寻找水质问题和解决问题。
Objective To investigate the water quality status of rural safe drinking water project in Qionghai from 2008 to 2013 and put forward rectification suggestions according to the existing problems. Methods A certain number of rural drinking water projects were randomly selected from 2008 to 2013 as monitoring points. Two surveys were carried out during dry season and wet season. Nineteen routine indicators were tested, and the results were determined according to the standard of Sanitary Standard for Drinking-water (GB5749-2006) . Results A total of 808 water samples from 202 monitoring sites were collected during the 6 years, with a total pass rate of 58.91%. There was no significant difference in qualified rate of water samples in different periods, ie dry season and wet season (P> 0.05). The difference of qualified rates of water samples in different years was statistically significant (P <0.05). The difference of qualified rate of water samples from the factory water and the peripheral water was statistically significant (P <0.05). The detection indexes of different categories, namely sensory index, general physical and chemical indexes, toxicology indexes and microbial index water samples, had a statistically significant difference (P <0.05). Different types of water supply project that is municipal pipe network extension project, non-municipal pipe network extension project of water samples pass rate difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion The qualified rate of water quality of rural drinking water project in Qionghai City increased year by year. The main reason of unqualified was the serious microbial pollution, which suggested that the treatment and disinfection of safe drinking water project should be strengthened, the management and routine maintenance should be strengthened, the flow pollution in the pipeline should be reduced, Oversee monitoring and management to help find water quality problems and solve problems.