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花生是世界上最重要的油料作物和经济作物之一,但其遗传基础狭窄,分子标记严重不足,严重制约了其分子育种进程。而LTR反转录转座子和MITE转座子广泛分布于植物基因组中,具有拷贝数丰富和插入位点多态性等特点,非常适合用来开发分子标记。另外,一系列研究结果表明,转座子分子标记揭示栽培种花生的DNA多态性要明显高于SSR分子标记,展示了其潜在的应用前景。鉴于此,本研究对花生LTR反转录转座子和MITE转座子的分离及其分子标记开发利用研究进展进行了系统整理和归纳,旨在理清思路,了解国内外研究现状,为紧接下来的花生LTR反转录转座子和MITE转座子的分子标记开发利用研究奠定坚实的基础。
Peanut is one of the most important oilseed crops and cash crops in the world. However, its genetic basis is very narrow and its molecular markers are not enough, which severely restricts its molecular breeding process. However, the LTR retrotransposon and MITE transposon are widely distributed in the plant genome. They are characterized by rich copy number and polymorphism at the insertion site, which are very suitable for the development of molecular markers. In addition, a series of studies have shown that transposon molecular markers reveal that the genetic diversity of cultivated peanut DNA is significantly higher than that of SSR markers, demonstrating its potential application. In view of this, the research on the separation of peanut LTR retrotransposon and MITE transposon and the development of their molecular markers are systematically arranged and summarized in order to clarify the train of thought, to understand the research status at home and abroad, for the tight Subsequent peanut LTR retrotransposon and MITE transposon molecular marker development and utilization of the study laid a solid foundation.