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目的了解长春市中小学生乙肝感染情况,为防治工作提供科学依据。方法采取整群抽样方法,对2011-2012年长春市中小学新生体检工作中进行调查。结果长春市中小学生乙肝病毒的感染状况阳性率为2.02%,其中小学生占0.53%,中学生占3.32%,高中生占2.21%.城区与市郊学生感染HBsAg阳性率为1.67%,其中城区学校占1.41%,市郊学校占3.08%。结论长春市小学生表面抗原的阳性率较初高中学生低;市区学生表面抗原的阳性率较郊区学生低,小学生表面抗体明显高于初高中学生。市区学生表面抗体阳性率明显高于市郊学校学生。应督促学生到预防接种门诊进行乙肝疫苗的加强免疫,以提高中小学在校学生群体的抗体滴度,降低学生乙型肝炎感染率,保障学生的身体健康。
Objective To understand the prevalence of hepatitis B in primary and secondary school students in Changchun and provide a scientific basis for prevention and treatment. Methods A cluster sampling method was used to investigate the physical examination of primary and secondary freshmen in Changchun from 2011 to 2012. Results The positive rate of hepatitis B virus infection among primary and secondary school students in Changchun was 2.02%, of which, primary school students accounted for 0.53%, middle school students accounted for 3.32% and high school students 2.21% .The prevalence of HBsAg was 1.67% among urban and suburban students, accounting for 1.41% %, Suburban schools accounted for 3.08%. Conclusions The positive rate of surface antigen in primary school pupils in Changchun is lower than that in junior high school students. The positive rate of surface antigen in urban students is lower than that in suburban students. The surface antibody of pupils in primary school students is obviously higher than that of primary and middle school students. The positive rate of surface antibody of urban students was significantly higher than that of suburban school students. Students should be urged to go to vaccination clinics to boost hepatitis B vaccine in order to improve the antibody titers of primary and secondary school students, reduce the rate of hepatitis B infection and ensure the health of students.