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“倒”是现代汉语口语中常用的一个副词,其意义和用法都非常独特。以往的论著对其解释很不一致,未能揭示其意义的本质。本文采用比较的方法并运用语用学的相关原理,从纷繁多样的语言用例中,将其意义定位在口气上,指出“倒”是表示逆反口气的语用成分。文章通过分析使用“倒”的语用背景,详细地展示使用“倒”的话语中的预设隐现规律,对“倒”表示逆反口气的语用意义进行了多角度的论证,最后还进一步区分了逆反口气的下位类型,并对造成逆反口气小类的原因进行了分析。
“Inverted” is an adverb commonly used in modern Chinese spoken language, its meaning and usage are very unique. The previous treatises on their interpretation are very inconsistent, failed to reveal the essence of its meaning. This article adopts the comparative method and applies the relevant principles of pragmatics to locate its meaning from the variety of language use cases, and points out that “down” is a pragmatic component of the tone of rebellion. By analyzing the pragmatic background of the use of “inverted ”, the article shows in detail the default hidden rules in discourse using “inverted ” and the pragmatic meaning of “inverted ” Argument, and finally further distinguish the type of the next bit of reverse tone, and the reasons for the cause of the negative tone of the class were analyzed.