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历史经验以及十几年改革开放的实践使人们逐步认识到,由于我国将在一段相当长的历史时期内处于社会主义的初级阶段,公有制的实现形式还应适应这个特定历史阶段的要求。而如传统的国家所有制哪种国家是千千万万个企业的唯一投资主体的公有制实现形式、国家靠一本计划直接经营管理企业的做法、仅视国家所有制和集体所有制为公有制,其它均为私有制的认识,应该说都超越了我们当前所处的历史阶段,是不切实际的。在社会主义市场经济体制这样一种开放而灵活的新体制下,考虑到我国目前所处的历史阶段的特点,公有制的实现形式应该是多样化的。事实上,在近年来国有企业改革的实践中,人们又探索出来并已被实践证明是比较符合我国国情和有效的公有制实现形式就有股份合作制以及国家控股、参股的公司制。不论是从股份合作制企业的特点即由企业的职工出资认购本企业的全部股份,职工大体均等持股,实行劳动合作和资本合作结合,还是从国家控股、参股的公司制企业如有限责任公司、股份有限公司的组织形式来看,其公有制的性质显然都是不容置疑的,区别仅在于具体实现形式的不同。
Historical experience and the practice of more than a decade of reform and opening up have gradually realized that since our country will be in the initial stage of socialism for a fairly long period of history, the realization of public ownership should also meet the requirements of this particular historical stage. However, as for the traditional state ownership which state is the only form of public ownership of hundreds of thousands of enterprises, the state relies on a plan to directly run the enterprise. Only the state ownership and collective ownership are public ownership. The others are It is unrealistic that the understanding of private ownership goes beyond the historical stage in which we are now. Under such an open and flexible new system of socialist market economy and taking into account the characteristics of the historical stage in which our country now stands, the realization of public ownership should be diversified. In fact, in the practice of state-owned enterprise reform in recent years, people have also explored it and have been proved that it is a system of joint-stock companies and state-controlled and shareholding companies that are more in line with China's national conditions and the effective realization of public ownership. Whether from the characteristics of joint-stock cooperative enterprises, that is, the employees of the enterprise should make an investment in all the shares of the enterprise, the employees should be equally divided into shares, the combination of labor cooperation and capital cooperation, or the combination of state-controlled and joint-stock companies such as limited liability companies , The limited company's organizational form of view, the nature of its public ownership are clearly beyond doubt, the difference lies only in the different forms of concrete realization.